Preheat your oven to 350F and grease a 9-inch springform pan.
Prepare the custard by heating milk over medium heat.
Whisk egg yolks and sugar together, then slowly add hot milk while whisking continuously.
Gradually add more hot milk to the egg mixture, then return it to the saucepan.
Stir constantly until it thickens and coats the back of a spoon.
Stir in vanilla, and pour the custard through a sieve into a heatproof bowl.
Cover with plastic wrap to avoid a skin forming, and refrigerate until fully chilled.
To make the streusel, blend butter into flour, sugar, and oats until the mixture resembles coarse crumbs.
Refrigerate until ready.
Cream together butter and sugar until light and fluffy, then beat in eggs one at a time.
In a separate bowl, whisk together flour, baking powder, cinnamon, and salt.
Gradually fold these dry ingredients into the creamed butter mixture, followed by milk or cream.
Spoon the batter into the prepared pan, smoothing it evenly.
Top with sliced apples and streusel.
Bake for 50 to 60 minutes until lightly browned and a toothpick comes out clean.
Let the cake cool before removing from the pan, then dust with confectioners' sugar.