Prepare the Potatoes: Peel the potatoes and cut them into evenly sized chunks, about 1½ inches wide. Rinse under cold water to remove excess surface starch.
Boil Until Tender: Place the potatoes in a large saucepan and cover with cold water by about 1 inch. Add a generous pinch of salt and bring to a boil. Reduce the heat and simmer for 15–20 minutes, until the potatoes are easily pierced with a fork.
Cook the Garlic: While the potatoes cook, melt the butter in a small saucepan over low heat. Add the minced garlic and cook for about 1 minute, stirring frequently until fragrant. Avoid browning the garlic.
Warm the Dairy: Add the milk and heavy cream to the garlic butter. Heat gently until warm but do not let the mixture boil. Keeping the dairy warm helps it blend smoothly into the potatoes.
Drain and Dry the Potatoes: Drain the cooked potatoes thoroughly in a colander. Return them to the warm saucepan over low heat for about 1 minute, gently shaking the pan to remove excess moisture.
Mash Until Smooth: Mash the potatoes using a potato masher or pass them through a potato ricer for a smoother texture. Avoid using a blender or food processor, as overmixing can make them gluey.
Add the Creamy Mixture: Gradually pour the warm garlic butter and milk mixture into the potatoes while folding gently. Add the sour cream, salt, black pepper, and Parmesan if using. Mix until creamy and fluffy.
Garnish and Serve: Transfer the mashed potatoes to a serving bowl. Add a small pat of butter and sprinkle with fresh parsley. Serve warm with extra black pepper if desired.